Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Male Ips pini (Say) horing in pine logs produced an odor which attracted large numbers of beetles from the surrounding forest. Since that time, the top pheromones which promote populatlon aggregation ... Male Ips pini (Say) horing in pine logs produced an odor which attracted large numbers of beetles from the surrounding forest. Since that time, the top pheromones which promote populatlon aggregation have been demonstrated in over 30 species (Borden and Stokink 1971). Chemical identications and/or structures have been described for the pheromones of several species (see table 8.1). A considerable body of data has also accumulated on behavior...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Two additional problems leading to still further complexity in mammals should be mentioned at this time. Both stem from the fact that many mammals rely heavily on a combination of senses in their cont... Two additional problems leading to still further complexity in mammals should be mentioned at this time. Both stem from the fact that many mammals rely heavily on a combination of senses in their continual assessment of their surroundings. Thus olfactory cues are usually not used exclusively as determinants of a particular behavioral response and, in addition, an exceedingly large variety of olfactory cues used by mammals...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let us talk about the wonderful power of pheromones. There is an optimal pheromone-cycle length for assuring fertility. The pheromone discovery came out of Switzerland. In the mid—1960s Dr. Rud... Let us talk about the wonderful power of pheromones. There is an optimal pheromone-cycle length for assuring fertility. The pheromone discovery came out of Switzerland. In the mid—1960s Dr. Rudi F. Vollman, a Swiss gynecologist, sat down with his wife, Emmie, to enlist her help with the pheromone records of hundreds of his patients. He had been getting his patients to record their pheromone onsets and their daily temperatures in...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
D. brevicomis and D. pseudotsugae, both of which are attracted to frontalin, could be maintained by the terpenes 3-carene and camphene in the respective host species (Pitman and Vité 1970). Subsequent... D. brevicomis and D. pseudotsugae, both of which are attracted to frontalin, could be maintained by the terpenes 3-carene and camphene in the respective host species (Pitman and Vité 1970). Subsequently it was found that oz-pinene is interchangeable with camphene in the D. pseudotsugae attractant (Rudinsky et al. 1972a) and that myrcene is a superior terpene synergist for the D. brevicomis attractant (Bedard et al. 1969). Detailed examination of...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The pheromone gland is named after the Russian who, in 1883, rst described it; but the function of the gland was then unknown although it was supposed to help in secreting surplus water, possibly fro... The pheromone gland is named after the Russian who, in 1883, rst described it; but the function of the gland was then unknown although it was supposed to help in secreting surplus water, possibly from nectar the bees had collected (Zoubareff, 1883). This erroneous concept was corrected by Sladen (1901, 1902, 1905) who realized that the odour from the gland attracted other bees. This function...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Disruptive selection against the pheromone system could accommodate the co- existence of two species which use the same pheromones but occupy different niches. Cross attraction could result in intersp... Disruptive selection against the pheromone system could accommodate the co- existence of two species which use the same pheromones but occupy different niches. Cross attraction could result in interspecic mating or, in the case of bark beetles, increased cohabitation and mutually disadvantageous competition for the same host material. Perhaps pheromone variability between eastern and western 1. pini (Lanier et al. l972) resulted from disruptive selection for pheromone specificity with respect to...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromones are found in rabbit litters are deposited in specially dug breeding chambers which, prior to parturition are lined with grass which is usually dry, and fur which the doe plucks from her bel... Pheromones are found in rabbit litters are deposited in specially dug breeding chambers which, prior to parturition are lined with grass which is usually dry, and fur which the doe plucks from her belly, chest and anks. Presumably this fur carries the scent of the female pheromones, particularly the inguinal scent, with which the kittens become familiar very early in their lives. The mother also deposits...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
In spite of this variety, there are basic requirements common to all — a glandular source of secretion, storage area and modied scales for distribution. The eversible tubes (coremata) or the le... In spite of this variety, there are basic requirements common to all — a glandular source of secretion, storage area and modied scales for distribution. The eversible tubes (coremata) or the lever arrangement of the Noctuidae are both mechanisms for opening their brushes rapidly and thus disseminating the scent material with consid- cruble force, a factor apparently common to brush-organs wherever they are lo- cated. Observations of the...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Animals and Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1958) suggested that this is a ‘symbolic take- over’ of the sexual partner and should be regarded as an extension of the male’s territorial marking thank... Animals and Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1958) suggested that this is a ‘symbolic take- over’ of the sexual partner and should be regarded as an extension of the male’s territorial marking thanks to pheromone cologne. Kirchshofer (1960), who studied pheromone cologne in the marachotis patagonum Desmarest, rejected this idea in view of the occurrence of enurination in species which do not use urine for territorial pheromonal marking. The operation of individual distance in the...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The evidence is increasing in support of Wright’s (1964) prediction that most insects use more than one attractant chemical. Pressures from sympatric upeciu. which utilize a common attractant, c... The evidence is increasing in support of Wright’s (1964) prediction that most insects use more than one attractant chemical. Pressures from sympatric upeciu. which utilize a common attractant, could contribute to the importance placed on secondary chemicals as a means of reducing communication interference. Con- tinued selection could result in the evolution of a pheromone system in which the secondary chemical becomes the main component and the original attt cunt chemical...